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转向多中心平衡——转型期城市边缘区规划实施机制变革
$83.51
本书以武汉市为出发点,系统研究了武汉这个转型期的城市边缘区的空间发展,以系统解决城乡发展的矛盾。
城市的快速蔓延与无序发展给边缘区带来了...
城市的快速蔓延与无序发展给边缘区带来了一系列空间、人口、经济社会、生态环境等问题,资源与利益面临着重新分配和重构。特别是农村产权主体意识的逐渐加强,对实施规划将产生巨大的影响,并将左右我国城市化发展的进程。这些都对传统以城市发展为主体的规划机制的科学性和合理性提出挑战。本书以武汉市为例,针对城乡统筹发展要义下边缘区空间拓展中的多元主体分化的现实问题,在“单中心”与“多中心”理论比对分析基础上,从规划管理组织架构重构、规划决策机制完善、规划实施机制创新三个方面展开了深入的研究,提出了多中心平衡的规划机制重构框架及其主要内容,以弥补现行规划机制的不足,进一步提高城乡规划调控的有效性。
熊向宁,工学博士,正高职高级规划师,国家注册规划师。在城市总体规划、详细规划、城市设计和空间规划研究以及城乡规划管理、土地利用与管理等方面取得了丰硕成果,是武汉市城市规划设计和研究、土地利用研究领域的科技和学术带头人之一,完成了近200项设计和研究成果,并获得了国家、省、市各类技术成果奖励40余项,其中*奖项6次,国土部科技进步奖1次,省级以上奖项26次,国家社科基金1项。2005、2007及2010年分别在美国伊利诺大学、西班牙LA SALIE大学和法国、荷兰等国著名设计机构学习。并在《城市规划》《规划师》等核心权威期刊及国内外会议发表20余篇专业论文。
第1章 导论1.1 研究的缘起1.2 相关术语辨析1.3 大城市边缘区的规划制度模式研究1.4 国内外相关研究第2章 大城市边缘区空间演变发展现状及问题2.1 大城市边缘区空间发展的现有状况2.2 大城市边缘区空间发展的主要问题第3 章大城市边缘区规划失效的制度分析3.1 规划机制的制度化分析3.2 大城市边缘区多元化主体利益及空间效应分析3.3 大城市边缘区规划机制运行的内在轨迹分析第4章 转型期多中心理论对传统一元主导机制的挑战4.1 对传统一元主导规划机制的反思4.2 一元主导的规划机制制度缺陷4.3 理论引入——多中心理论的概念和内涵4.4 多中心理论与单中心理论比对分析4.5 多中心理论影响下的公共服务多元化管理变革第5章 转型期大城市边缘区多中心平衡规划机制构建5.1 转型期大城市边缘区多中心平衡规划机制框架分析5.2 转型期大城市边缘区多中心平衡规划管理组织架构的重构5.3 转型期大城市边缘区多中心平衡规划决策机制的完善5.4 转型期大城市边缘区多中心平衡规划实施机制的创新5.5 基于国情综合运用具有中国特色的规划机制建设模式第6章 转向多中心平衡的大城市边缘区参考文献
前言城市边缘区是转型期内大城市快速扩展背景下,城市外向拓展的空间载体,是城市向外扩散与乡村集聚发展的互为渗透、相互影响的混合区域。城市的快速蔓延与无序发展给边缘区带来了一系列空间、人口、经济、社会、生态环境等问题,资源与利益面临着重新分配和重构。特别是农村居民产权主体意识的逐渐加强,对规划的实施将产生巨大的影响,并将左右我国城市化发展的进程。这些都对传统以城市发展为主体的规划机制的科学性和合理性提出挑战。在城乡统筹、城乡一体化建设目标下,特别是在集体土地流转制度改革的强烈诉求背景下,为真正解决城乡二元结构分离的问题,我们必须对城市边缘区的规划机制予以研究。本书从历史的角度对国内外大城市边缘区的空间结构和形态阶段演变特征予以比较,在理论和实践两个层面概括了转型期中国大城市边缘区规划机制的内涵和发展规律。通过引入制度经济学、公共管理学等前沿理论,创新性地运用制度分析的方法,对当前由政府主导的单中心规划机制展开了剖析,总结了边缘区规划机制四个内在循环演化阶段的特征,循序渐进地阐述了传统规划机制的成因和弊端。本书以武汉市为例,针对城乡统筹发展要义下边缘区空间拓展中的多元主体分化的现实问题,在“单中心”与“多中心”理论对比分析的基础上,从规划管理组织架构重构、规划决策机制完善、规划实施机制创新三个方面展开了深入的研究,提出了多中心平衡的规划机制重构框架及其主要内容,以弥补现行规划机制的不足,进一步提高城乡规划调控的有效性。
大城市边缘区是转型期内大城市快速扩展背景下,城市外向拓展的空间载体。是城市要素扩散与乡村要素集聚的互为渗透、相互影响的混合区域,是实现城乡统筹一体化发展的重要前沿阵地,具有其自身特有的发展规律。本书在面对中国特有的城乡二元结构实际国情以及经济体制转型中多元利益群体分化与博弈的现实情况下,将大城市边缘区作为一个整体系统,从大城市扩散中边缘区空间结构的历史演化特征与发展趋势的角度,依据新制度经济学、公共管理学等前沿学科的有关理论,综合运用比较研究、原型分析、实证研究、归纳逻辑总结等方法,对当前由政府主导的单中心规划机制展开了剖析,以武汉市为例,循序渐进阐述了传统规划机制的成因和弊端,提出了转型期中国大城市边缘区规划机制变革的方向;并从管理组织架构、决策机制、实施机制等方面,深入系统地研究了边缘区多中心平衡的规划机制构建框架及其主要内容,提出了以下主要思考。1)通过国内外大城市空间扩展中边缘区的形态阶段演变特征的比对分析,从理论和实践两个方面分析了转型期中国大城市边缘区规划机制的内涵和发展规律。阐述了市场经济条件下,政府一元主导规划机制所暴露出来的某些日益明显的公平和效率缺陷,所导致的城市边缘区空间无序蔓延与混乱发展。总结了其发展演变在空间、政策、管理、社会环境等方面存在的诸多问题,但寻根求源,只有找到引起这些问题的内在运行机制,才能真正解决规划失效的本质,仅仅依靠规划技术方法的改进是无法突破现有束缚,必须转换思想,另辟蹊径。2)基于城乡统筹、城乡一体化发展目标要求,通过引入新制度经济学和公共管理学理论,重新认识和探讨了转型期城市边缘区空间发展的内在运行轨迹。借助新制度经济学中有关制度非均衡向均衡转化的变迁理论,总结了边缘区规划机制形成中所具备的初始均衡——中期僵滞——末期创新——新始均衡的四个循环螺旋上升的内在演化阶段特征,分析了城市边缘区空间发展的过去、现在以及未来发展态势。阐述了现阶段规划机制的变革,只有从规划制度的外生变量制度环境以及内生变量制度结构安排和实施措施二个方面,方可构建一个运行良好、效率高效的规划机制。对于协调城市边缘区中的多元利益主体的博弈行为,降低社会总体交易成本,真正实现边缘区空间城乡统筹发展目标将发挥关键性作用。另外,针对边缘区空间拓展中的多元主体分化的现实问题,通过“单中心”与“多中心”理论比对分析,提出了基于乡村社区自主的多中心平衡规划机制可以在特定范围内、特定阶段时期中,弥补传统政府一元主导模式的不足;明确了通过协调市场环境中多元利益主体的博弈行为,明晰产权权利约束,可以大大降低规划行为与外部主体之间的交易成本,有效保障乡村地区弱势群体的话语权和参与权,进一步改善并有效发挥规划调控的实质作用。同时也进一步阐述了以“多中心”理论为背景的多中心平衡规划机制是转型期实现边缘区城乡统筹发展的有效途径。一方面它可以充分发挥在市场经济条件下,多元市场主体在资源配置方面的效率,打破传统公私部门之间必然的界限,避免了现实运作中公私两极分化的弊端,为政府的宏观调控行为与市场的效率配置提供了有机的契合点,也有利于引导市场行为满足日益多元化公共利益服务需求。另一方面,它在规划过程中,重视发挥长期被忽视的社会公众作用,通过制度内外的机制创新,将过度集中的规划组织结构体系和决策程序予以变革,将权力向体制内的基层机构和体制外的社区自主组织和公私联合的公众管理组织转移,实现了“自上而下”与“自下而上”相结合的多元化规划管理模式,使传统失衡的规划机制行为重新找到平衡点,向公平与效率的目标迈进,促进城市边缘区的可持续健康发展。3)以现状问题为导向,按照制度经济学还原问题本原的制度分析方法,分别从规划制度的理论和武汉市实证研究层面予以解析,提出了城市边缘区的多中心平衡规划机制框架体系内容。
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