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建筑给排水及采暖工程施工常见质量问题及预防措施
$32.64
随着社会经济发展进程的加快,现代化城市的基础设施、建筑工程建设如火如荼,建筑给排水及采暖工程是建筑工程的一个重要组成部分,安装质量直接影响建筑项目投入后的使用功能。本书较全面地分析了建筑给排水及采暖工程施工中常见质量问题的类型,并提出了预防及改进措施。主要内容包括:室内供水、排水系统、室内卫生器具的安装、室内采暖系统、消防自喷灭火系统以及管道预留孔洞、焊接质量、支吊架制作、管道刷漆等。
《建筑给排水...
《建筑给排水及采暖工程施工常见质量问题及预防措施》一书内容丰富,论述全面,理论联系实际,采用了大量的施工现场照片为实例,有较强的实用性和较高的研究性,可作为建设行业主管部门、建设单位、建筑企业、工程监理等部门工程技术人员和管理人员的参考书,也可作为高等院校相关专业的教科书。
前言
1 室内供水系统
1.1 供水管甩口不准
1.2 供水管道流水不畅或堵塞
1.3 管道穿伸缩缝、沉降缝不符合要求
1.4 管道套丝丝扣不符合要求
1.5 阀门选型、安装不符合要求
1.6 PPR管、塑料复合管管道、管件热熔接口渗漏
1.7 丝扣阀门及可拆卸管件漏水
1.8 管道沟槽卡箍连接,卡箍接头渗漏
1.9 法兰阀门关闭不严
1.10 阀门杆、压盖填料处冒、滴水
1.11 法兰盘连接渗漏
1.12 法兰螺栓配置不符合要求
1.13 水表安装不符合要求
1.14 管道系统水压试验及严密性试验不符合要求
1.15 地面下埋设供水管道渗漏
1.16 地面下埋设排水管道渗漏
1.17 生活消防用水管使用同一供水管道
1.18 明装管道、成排管道安装不符合要求
1.19 冷热水管道安装不符合要求
1.20 供水、排水管道平行、交叉,间距不符合要求
1.21 设备基础质量缺陷
1.22 水泵启动后不出水
1.23 水泵运行中,水泵、管道震动,噪声大
2 室内排水系统
2.1 排水管道预留口不准
2.2 排水立管在地下室与室外排水管连接、固定不符合要求
2.3 排水管道通向室外遇基础必须下返管道连接不符合要求
2.4 排水管道排水不畅或堵塞
2.5 排水管道坡度不均匀,甚至有倒坡现象
2.6 排水管道接口渗漏
2.7 排水立管检查口渗漏,安装角度不正确
2.8 排水透气管出屋面不符合要求
2.9 UPVC排水透气管出屋面不设套管
2.10 塑料排水管未按要求安装伸缩节
2.11 高层建筑塑料排水立管未安装防火阻火圈
2.12 雨水斗与直立式雨水管安装不符合要求
2.13 雨水管道未做灌水试验
2.14 PVC管使用金属管卡固定
2.15 PVC排水管表面污染严重
2.16 排水管道通水、通球不符合规范要求
3 室内卫生器具安装
3.1 卫生器具供水、排水管口甩口不准
3.2 卫生器具安装不牢固
3.3 大便器排水口与排水管接口连接渗漏
3.4 蹲便器冲洗管与蹲便器进水口连接处渗漏
3.5 浴盆安装质量缺陷
3.6 卫生器具排水接口渗漏,台面积水
3.7 带地漏地面倒泛水、渗漏
3.8 地漏安装不符合要求
3.9 连接两个以上大便器或三个以上卫生器具排水横管不安装清扫口
3.10 地面清扫口出地面及清扫口距墙体距离不符合要求
4 室内采暖
4.1 门型伸缩器制作安装缺陷
4.2 弯曲管制作质量缺陷
4.3 管道内水、气循环不顺畅
4.4 主干管支、托架失效
4.5 干管坡度不符合要求
4.6 散热器安装固定不符合要求
4.7 散热器供回水支管安装不符合要求
4.8 散热器温度达不到要求
4.9 横向管道遇门窗混凝土梁柱翻弯时,未设排气、泄水装置
4.10 管道焊接变径不符合要求
4.11 建筑物采暖入口处不安装入口装置
4.12 疏水器排水不畅,漏气过多
4.13 地辐热管敷设不符要求
4.14 户内集、分水器安装不规范
4.15 高层建筑地辐热暖井内分户,户内供回水管连接错位
4.16 高层建筑地辐热暖井内管道安装质量缺陷
4.17 管道保温层质量观感差
5 消防、自喷灭火系统
5.1 室内消火栓安装不符合要求
5.2 消火箱(柜)内报警按钮遮盖,水龙带接口处绑扎不牢固,影响消防灭火
5.3 消防给水系统阀门选择不符合要求
5.4 自动喷水灭火系统消防水泵出水管路阀门及仪表安装不符合要求
5.5 自动喷水灭火系统消防水泵吸水管及其附件安装不符合要求
5.6 自喷管道支管塌腰弯曲,喷头随意改变位置
5.7 自喷管喷头丝口渗漏
5.8 自动喷水系统信号阀安装不符合要求
5.9 自动喷水系统报警阀组安装不符合要求
6 综合
6.1 安装材料、设备质量不符合要求
6.2 管道孔洞预留不准
6.3 管道焊接不符合要求
6.4 焊接管焊口渗漏
6.5 供水、排水管道出外墙或地下构筑墙体无套管
6.6 地下室混凝土剪力墙出外墙管道、套管漏水
6.7 穿楼板预埋套管不符合要求
6.8 套管内管道环缝不均匀
6.9 隐蔽工程项目不报验或不合格便进行下道工序的施工
6.10 冬季施工在负温度下对管道进行灌水、水压试验
6.11 管道支、吊架制安不符合要求
6.12 管道支架固定方法不当,安装不牢固
6.13 砌体墙支架栽埋不符合要求
6.14 砌体墙、轻质墙支架安装不符合要求
6.15 型钢支、吊架电气焊开孔
6.16 管道、支架刷面漆不符合要求
6.17 管道标识、色环不符合要求
建筑给排水及采暖工程是建筑工程的一个重要组成部分,随着城市建设的快速发展,人民的生活质量不断提高,在建筑安装工程中,给排水及采暖工程的安装施工质量,是关系到产品的安全使用功能、稳定运行的关键方面。当前,在全国各地建筑施工企业,普遍开展了工程质量“创优夺杯”的活动,加强企业质量管理,提高工程质量,已是施工企业立足之本。
由于建筑给排水及采暖安装施工周期较长,间断性施工安装较多,很多的施工工序不能一次性完成,因此,在施工过程中,工程质量事故时有发生,质量通病经常出现,如何处理和解决好这些问题,是施工技术人员需要深入思考和付出努力的。为了确保工程质量,创造更多的优良工程,本书根据作者长期的施工、验收经验,根据现行施工技术标准及质量验收规范要求,以建筑给排水及采暖工程为分析对象,汇集总结了各建设单位、施工单位及有关专家近年来整治和处理建筑给排水及采暖施工中一些常见的质量通病,进行了收集整理,分析了产生的原因,提出了预防措施及治理方法。所有示例做法均采用来自施工一线的现场实例照片,选材得当、内容详实、图文并茂,生动地展示了文中描述的各种问题和防治效果,使得问题的防治更加形象化、标准化、具体化。该质量通病,仅涉及建筑给排水及采暖安装工程,难免会有遗漏及不足之处,加之作者水平有限,不到之处,望广大同行给予批评指正。
《建筑给排水及采暖工程施工常见质量问题及预防措施》一书具有针对性强、适用面宽、简明扼要、图文并茂的特点,对治理和防治建筑给排水及采暖施工质量通病有一定的指导作用,对提高工程质量水平有一定的借鉴作用。本书可供建筑给排水行业的专业技术人员阅读和参考,也可作为大专院校相关专业的教材或参考书。
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