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中国心脏骤停与心肺复苏报告(2022年版)
$50.56
【1】以报告的形式,阐明我国心脏骤停流行病学情况及防治现状。【2】系统梳理既往关于我国人群心脏骤停流行病学、治疗、危险因素、病因、预防及教育的中英文文献、指南共识、政策法规、官方数据等。严格筛选和评估,汇总质量较高的数据信息。结合国家科技基础资源分析专项“中国人群心脏骤停发病率、病死率及危险因素调查”(BASeline Investigation of Cardiac arrest,BASIC)2020年的部分数据...
【1】以报告的形式,阐明我国心脏骤停流行病学情况及防治现状。【2】系统梳理既往关于我国人群心脏骤停流行病学、治疗、危险因素、病因、预防及教育的中英文文献、指南共识、政策法规、官方数据等。严格筛选和评估,汇总质量较高的数据信息。结合国家科技基础资源分析专项“中国人群心脏骤停发病率、病死率及危险因素调查”(BASeline Investigation of Cardiac arrest,BASIC)2020年的部分数据,撰写此书。【3】条理清晰、数据较全面、图文并茂。为急诊和急救相关医务工作者提供重要参考。为卫生健康主管部门、医疗机构、医学研究机构等开展更为高效的心脏骤停防治工作和科技创新,提供数据和证据支撑。
【1】涵盖中国的院外心脏骤停和院内心脏骤停的多方面信息,并体现了包括成人、儿童、新生儿、孕产妇、围手术期患者、溺水者、新冠肺炎患者和运动员在内的多个人群的广泛数据。【2】共分为六个部分:部分心脏骤停的流行特征。第二部分心脏骤停的救治现状,描述了成人及儿童心脏骤停救治“生存链”各环节的指南建议及建议的推荐等级和证据级别,并详细介绍各环节在中国的实践情况,深入了解制约心脏骤停救治质量提升的关键节点。第三部分心脏骤停的危险因素,介绍与心脏骤停的发生有独立相关性的危险因素,展示了这些因素在中国人群中的负担情况,说明心脏骤停在中国人群中的整体发生风险趋势。第四部分心脏骤停的病因。第五部分心脏性猝死的筛查与预防,描述心脏性猝死高危人群筛查与预防措施的指南建议及建议的推荐等级和证据级别,并详细介绍各环节在中国的实践情况,深入了解医疗质量提升的关键节点。第六部分心肺复苏公众教育与医护培训。
成立于1987年,由民政部批准。是全国从事医疗保健科技工作者自愿组成的、依法登记成立的学术性、专业性、非营利性社会组织。会长,韩德民。下设115个二级分会。胸痛分会成立于2016年
篇 心脏骤停的流行特征第1 章Ⅰ院外心脏骤停的流行特征 /004第1 节 院外心脏骤停发病率 / 004第2 节 院外心脏骤停预后情况 / 005第3 节 院外心脏骤停病因及首次监测心律 / 008第4 节 院外心脏骤停人口学特征 / 009第5 节 院外心脏骤停发病地点 / 010第6 节 院外心脏骤停发病时间 /.011第7 节 儿童院外心脏骤停 / 012第2 章Ⅰ院内心脏骤停的流行特征 /016第1 节 成人院内心脏骤停 / 016第2 节 儿童院内心脏骤停 / 023第3 节 新生儿院内心脏骤停 / 025第4 节 孕产妇院内心脏骤停 / 025第5 节 围手术期心脏骤停 / 027第3 章Ⅰ猝死的流行特征 / 030第1 节 心脏性猝死 / 030第2 节 运动性猝死 / 032第3 节 其他猝死现象 / 032第4 章Ⅰ心脏骤停的流行特征变化趋势 /036第二篇 心脏骤停的救治现状第5 章Ⅰ全球心脏骤停救治质量改进探索 /040第6 章Ⅰ院外心脏骤停的救治现状 /045第1 节 成人院外心脏骤停的救治 / 045第2 节 儿童院外心脏骤停的救治 / 051第7 章Ⅰ院内心脏骤停的救治现状 /058第1 节 成人院内心脏骤停的救治 / 058第2 节 儿童院内心脏骤停的救治 / 066第3 节 新生儿复苏 / 067第4 节 孕产妇院内心脏骤停的救治 / 067第5 节 复苏中心建设 / 068第8 章Ⅰ特殊情况下的心肺复苏 /075第1 节 淹溺患者心肺复苏 / 075第2 节 COVID-19 患者心脏骤停的心肺复苏 /076第3 节 不复苏意愿 / 076第9 章Ⅰ心脏骤停的危险因素/083第1 节 年龄 / 083第2 节 性别 / 083第3 节 高血压 / 084第4 节 血脂异常 / 084第5 节 糖尿病 / 085第三篇 心脏骤停的危险因素第6 节 饮酒 / 085第7 节 吸烟 / 085第8 节 饮食 / 086第9 节 运动 / 086第10 节 心率 / 086第11 节 环境 / 087第12 节 家族史 / 087第13 节 其他 / 087第10 章Ⅰ心源性疾病 / 095第1 节 缺血性心脏病 /095第2 节 非缺血性心脏病 /096第3 节 心力衰竭 /100第11 章Ⅰ非心源性疾病 / 105第1 节 呼吸源性疾病 /105第2 节 神经源性疾病 /106第3 节 其他非心源性疾病 /107第12 章Ⅰ创伤及其他 / 111第1 节 创伤 /111第2 节 药物过量/ 中毒 /.112第3 节 淹溺 /112第4 节 电击伤 /113第5 节 窒息 /113第6 节 手术相关 /113第7 节 产科相关 /114第8 节 蛇咬伤 /114第四篇 心脏骤停的病因第13 章Ⅰ心脏性猝死高危人群的筛查 /122第1 节 病史和体格检查 /122第2 节 非侵入性评价手段 /122第3 节 侵入性评价手段 /125第14 章Ⅰ心脏性猝死的预防 / 130第1 节 药物预防 /130第2 节 血运重建 /132第3 节 导管消融 /132第4 节 植入式心律转复除颤器 /133第5 节 胸痛中心建设 /133第15 章Ⅰ心肺复苏公众教育 / 139第1 节 心肺复苏公众普及现状 /139第2 节 自动体外除颤器普及现状 /140第3 节 海姆立克急救法普及现状 /141第4 节 心肺复苏公众教育的相关政策 /142第5 节 心肺复苏公众教育实践 /142第16 章Ⅰ心肺复苏医护培训 / 147第1 节 医护人员院内培训 /147第2 节 新生儿复苏培训 /148缩略语 / 151
心脏骤停(又称心搏骤停、心脏停搏),是医学领域,乃至社会各界广为关注的重大公共卫生问题之一。过去20 年里,我国心脏骤停发病率呈上升趋势,给社会和家庭造成的负担日渐加重。因此,充分认识心脏骤停现状、加强防治刻不容缓。山东大学齐鲁医院牵头组织我国心脏骤停与心肺复苏相关领域专家,系统梳理了既往关于我国人群心脏骤停流行病学、治疗、危险因素、病因、预防及教育的各方面中英文文献、指南共识、政策法规、官方数据等,经过严格筛选和评估,汇总质量较高的数据信息,并结合国家科技基础资源调查专项“中国人群心脏骤停发病率、病死率及危险因素调查”(BASeline Investigation of Cardiac arrest,BASIC)2020 年的部分数据,撰写了此报告。本报告共分为六篇,分别为心脏骤停的流行特征、心脏骤停的救治现状、心脏骤停的危险因素、心脏骤停的病因、心脏性猝死的筛查与预防、心肺复苏公众教育与医护培训,系统地展示了我国心脏骤停的发病、救治及预防的实际情况,旨在为卫生健康主管部门、医疗机构、医学研究机构等开展更为高效的心脏骤停防治工作和科技创新,提供数据和证据支撑。在心脏骤停领域,我国研究起步较晚,高质量研究较少、数据相对匮乏,不同地区文化传统、风俗习惯存在差异,医疗机构对心脏骤停的重视程度和相关工作推进参差不齐,使得数据尚不能具有很好的代表性,须谨慎解读。本次报告的撰写是心脏骤停研究领域的一次重要尝试,也使我们充分认识到目前我国心脏骤停防治工作的进步与不足,建议未来能持续性开展全国性、规范化的心脏骤停数据上报工作,进而完善救治生存链,促进旁观者心肺复苏数量和质量的提升,优化自动体外除颤器布局,改善调度员指导的心肺复苏实施状况,加强高危人群的筛查与预防,普及公众心肺复苏培训等。今后也将以报告的形式,动态跟踪、综合评价我国心脏骤停的流行趋势和防治进展,以期能对心脏骤停急救资源合理布局、医疗质量及患者结局的改进产生实质性影响,助力“健康中国”建设。本报告在编写过程中,得到了各级领导及诸多专家的大力支持和帮助,在此一并表示感谢。同时,衷心感谢所有编委在编写过程中付出的辛勤劳动,以及认真、细致、严谨的工作态度。由于编写水平和时间所限,本报告难免存在不足和疏漏,恳请读者不吝赐教。陈玉国 徐峰2022 年8 月
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